S.L. 643.1 Art. 2Interpretation.

In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires:

"the Act'' means the Climate Action Act; "ASTM D287" means the American Society for Testing and

Materials Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method);

"the Authority" means the Malta Resources Authority established by article 3 of the Act;

"biofuels" means liquid or gaseous fuel for transport produced from biomass;

"Clean Development Mechanism" means the mechanism established pursuant to Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol;

"conventional crude" means any refinery raw material exhibiting an API gravity that is higher than 10 degrees when situated in a reservoir formation at its place of origin as measured per testing method ASTM D287, and not falling within the definition for CN code 2714 as set out in Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87;

"Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87" means Council

Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87 of 23 July 1987 on the tariff and statistical nomenclature and on the Common Customs Tariff; "fuel baseline standard" means a fuel baseline standard based on the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions per unit of energy from fossil fuels in 2010;

"greenhouse gas emissions per unit of energy" means the total mass of CO equivalent greenhouse gas emissions associated with 2 the fuel or energy supplied, divided by the total energy content of

*These regulations have been repealed by Legal Notice 96 of 2026. the fuel or energy supplied (for fuel, expressed as its low heating value); "Kyoto Protocol" means the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; "life cycle greenhouse gas emissions" means all net emissions of CO , CH and N O that can be assigned to the fuel (including any 2 4 2 blended components) or energy supplied. This includes all relevant stages from extraction or cultivation, including land-use changes, transport and distribution, processing and combustion, irrespective of where those emissions occur; "low indirect land-use change-risk biofuels" means biofuels, the feedstocks of which were produced within schemes which reduce the displacement of production for purposes other than for making biofuels and which were produced in accordance with the sustainability criteria for biofuels set out in regulation 3 of the

Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations; "natural bitumen" means any source of refinery raw material that:

(a) has an American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity of 10 degrees or less when situated in a reservoir formation at the place of extraction as defined pursuant to the testing method ASTM D287;

(b) has an annual average viscosity at reservoir temperature greater than that calculated by the equation: Viscosity (Centipoise) = 518,98e-0,038T, where T is the temperature in Celsius;

(c) falls within the definition for tar sands under combined nomenclature (CN) code 2714 as outlined in Council Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87; and

(d) where the mobilisation of the source of the raw material is achieved by mining extraction or thermally enhanced gravity drainage where the thermal energy is mainly derived from sources other than the feedstock source itself; "oil shale" means any source of refinery raw material as situated in a rock formation containing solid kerogen and falling within the definition for oil shale under CN code 2714 as outlined in Regulation (EEC) No 2658/87. Mobilisation of the source of the raw material is achieved by mining extraction or thermally enhanced gravity drainage; "renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin" means liquid or gaseous fuels other than biofuels whose energy content comes from renewable energy sources other than biomass, and which are used in transport; "starch-rich crops" means crops comprising mainly cereals

(regardless of whether only the grains are used or the whole plant, such as in the case of green maize, is used), tubers and root crops (such as potatoes, Jerusalem artichokes, sweet potatoes, cassava and yams), and corm crops (such as taro and cocoyam);

"supplier" means the entity responsible for passing fuel or energy through an excise duty point or, if no excise is due, any other relevant entity designated by the Authority. "upstream emissions" means all greenhouse gas emissions occurring prior to the raw material entering a refinery or a processing plant where the fuel, as referred to in the First Schedule, was produced.