Cap. 579 Art. 3What constitutes libel.  Cap. 12.

(1) Defamatory words in written media shall be deemed to be published and to constitute libel.

(2) Defamatory statements give rise to an action in libel before the competent court and the provisions of the Code of Organization and Civil Procedure relating to actions filed before the court shall apply to such action.

(3) Civil proceedings for defamation under this Act in respect of anything published in the media may be instituted against each of the following persons:

(a) the author, if he shall have composed the work for the purpose of its being published, or if he shall have consented thereto;

(b) the editor, or, if the said persons cannot be easily identified,

(c) the publisher:

Provided that separate actions may not be instituted against the persons mentioned in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) above in respect of the same defamation.

(4) Statements are not defamatory unless they cause serious harm or are likely to seriously harm the reputation of the specific person or persons making the claim:

Provided that, for the purposes of this article, harm to the reputation of a body that trades for profit is not serious harm unless it has caused or is likely to cause serious financial loss.